标准库头文件 <mutex>

此头文件是线程支持库的一部分。

类
mutex (C++11)	提供基本互斥设施 (类)
timed_mutex (C++11)	提供互斥设施，实现有时限锁定 (类)
recursive_mutex (C++11)	提供能被同一线程递归锁定的互斥设施 (类)
recursive_timed_mutex (C++11)	提供能被同一线程递归锁定的互斥设施，并实现有时限锁定 (类)
lock_guard (C++11)	实现严格基于作用域的互斥体所有权包装器 (类模板)
unique_lock (C++11)	实现可移动的互斥体所有权包装器 (类模板)
scoped_lock (C++17)	用于多个互斥体的免死锁 RAII 封装器 (类模板)
defer_lock_ttry_to_lock_tadopt_lock_t (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	用于指定锁定策略的标签类型 (类)
defer_locktry_to_lockadopt_lock (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	用于指定锁定策略的标签常量 (常量)
once_flag (C++11)	确保 `call_once` 只调用函数一次的帮助对象 (类)
函数
try_lock (C++11)	试图通过重复调用 `try_lock` 获得互斥体的所有权 (函数模板)
lock (C++11)	锁定指定的互斥体，若任何一个不可用则阻塞 (函数模板)
call_once (C++11)	仅调用函数一次，即使从多个线程调用 (函数模板)
std::swap(std::unique_lock) (C++11)	std::swap 对 `unique_lock` 的特化 (函数模板)

概要

namespace std {
    class mutex;
    class recursive_mutex;
    class timed_mutex;
    class recursive_timed_mutex;
 
    struct defer_lock_t { explicit defer_lock_t() = default; };
    inline constexpr defer_lock_t defer_lock { };
 
    struct try_to_lock_t { explicit try_to_lock_t() = default; };
    inline constexpr try_to_lock_t try_to_lock { };
 
    struct adopt_lock_t { explicit adopt_lock_t() = default; };
    inline constexpr adopt_lock_t adopt_lock { };
 
    template <class Mutex> class lock_guard;
    template <class Mutex> class unique_lock;
 
    template <class Mutex>
    void swap(unique_lock<Mutex>& x,
              unique_lock<Mutex>& y) noexcept;
 
    template <class L1, class L2, class... L3>
    int try_lock(L1&, L2&, L3&...);
 
    template <class L1, class L2, class... L3>
    void lock(L1&, L2&, L3&...);
 
    struct once_flag;
 
    template<class Callable, class ...Args>
    void call_once(once_flag& flag, Callable func, Args&&... args);
}

类 std::mutex

class mutex {
 public:
    constexpr mutex() noexcept;
    ~mutex();
    mutex(const mutex&) = delete;
    mutex& operator=(const mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();
    bool try_lock();
    void unlock();
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */ native_handle_type;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
};

类 std::recursive_mutex

class recursive_mutex {
 public:
    recursive_mutex();
    ~recursive_mutex();
    recursive_mutex(const recursive_mutex&) = delete;
    recursive_mutex& operator=(const recursive_mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();
    bool try_lock() noexcept;
    void unlock();
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */ native_handle_type;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
};

类 std::timed_mutex

class timed_mutex {
 public:
    timed_mutex();
    ~timed_mutex();
    timed_mutex(const timed_mutex&) = delete;
    timed_mutex& operator=(const timed_mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();
    bool try_lock();
    template <class Rep, class Period>
        bool try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    template <class Clock, class Duration>
        bool try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    void unlock();
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */ native_handle_type;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
};

类 std::recursive_timed_mutex

class recursive_timed_mutex {
 public:
    recursive_timed_mutex();
    ~recursive_timed_mutex();
    recursive_timed_mutex(const recursive_timed_mutex&) = delete;
    recursive_timed_mutex& operator=(const recursive_timed_mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();
    bool try_lock() noexcept;
    template <class Rep, class Period>
        bool try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    template <class Clock, class Duration>
        bool try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    void unlock();
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */ native_handle_type;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
};

类 std::lock_guard

template <class Mutex>
class lock_guard {
 public:
    typedef Mutex mutex_type;
    explicit lock_guard(mutex_type& m);
    lock_guard(mutex_type& m, adopt_lock_t);
    ~lock_guard();
    lock_guard(lock_guard const&) = delete;
    lock_guard& operator=(lock_guard const&) = delete;
 private:
    mutex_type& pm; // 仅用于阐释
};

类 std::scoped_lock

template<class... MutexTypes>
class scoped_lock {
public:
    using mutex_type = Mutex; // 若 MutexTypes... 仅由单个类型 Mutex 组成
 
    explicit scoped_lock(MutexTypes&... m);
    explicit scoped_lock(adopt_lock_t, MutexTypes&... m);
    ~scoped_lock();
 
    scoped_lock(const scoped_lock&) = delete;
    scoped_lock& operator=(const scoped_lock&) = delete;
 
private:
    tuple<MutexTypes&...> pm; // 仅用于阐释
};

类 std::unique_lock

template <class Mutex>
class unique_lock {
 public:
    typedef Mutex mutex_type;
 
    // 构造/复制/销毁：
    unique_lock() noexcept;
    explicit unique_lock(mutex_type& m);
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, defer_lock_t) noexcept;
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, try_to_lock_t);
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, adopt_lock_t);
    template <class Clock, class Duration>
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    template <class Rep, class Period>
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    ~unique_lock();
    unique_lock(unique_lock const&) = delete;
    unique_lock& operator=(unique_lock const&) = delete;
    unique_lock(unique_lock&& u) noexcept;
    unique_lock& operator=(unique_lock&& u) noexcept;
 
    // 锁定：
    void lock();
    bool try_lock();
    template <class Rep, class Period>
    bool try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    template <class Clock, class Duration>
    bool try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    void unlock();
 
    // 修改器：
    void swap(unique_lock& u) noexcept;
    mutex_type *release() noexcept;
 
    // 观察器：
    bool owns_lock() const noexcept;
    explicit operator bool () const noexcept;
    mutex_type* mutex() const noexcept;
 
 private:
    mutex_type *pm; // 仅用于阐释
    bool owns; // 仅用于阐释
};

类 std::once_flag

struct once_flag {
    constexpr once_flag() noexcept;
    once_flag(const once_flag&) = delete;
    once_flag& operator=(const once_flag&) = delete;
};

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技术规范

标准库头文件 <mutex>

类

函数

概要

类 std::mutex

类 std::recursive_mutex

类 std::timed_mutex

类 std::recursive_timed_mutex

类 std::lock_guard

类 std::scoped_lock

类 std::unique_lock

类 std::once_flag

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