标准库头文件 <vector>

 

C++

语言

标准库头文件

自立与有宿主实现

具名要求

语言支持库

概念库 (C++20)

诊断库

工具库

字符串库

容器库

迭代器库

范围库 (C++20)

算法库

数值库

输入/输出库

本地化库

正则表达式库 (C++11)

原子操作库 (C++11)

线程支持库 (C++11)

文件系统库 (C++17)

技术规范

 

标准库头文件

语言支持
<cstddef> <limits> <climits> <coroutine>	<cfloat> <cstdint> <new> <source_location>	<typeinfo> <exception> <initializer_list> <version>	<csignal> <csetjmp> <cstdarg>
概念
<concepts>
诊断
<stdexcept>	<cassert>	<cerrno>	<system_error>
通用工具
<utility> <memory> <memory_resource> <scoped_allocator>     <compare>	<bitset> <tuple> <optional> <any> <variant>	<type_traits> <ratio> <chrono> <typeindex> <functional>	<ctime> <cstdlib>
字符串
<string> <string_view> <cstring>	<charconv> <format>	<cctype> <cwctype>	<cwchar> <cuchar>
本地化
<locale>	<codecvt>	<clocale>
容器
<span> <array> <vector>	<deque> <forward_list> <list>	<map> <set> <queue>	<unordered_map> <unordered_set> <stack>
迭代器
<iterator>
范围
<ranges>
算法
<algorithm>	<execution>
数值
<complex> <random>	<valarray> <numeric>	<bit> <numbers>	<cfenv> <cmath>
输入/输出
<iosfwd> <ios> <iomanip> <streambuf>	<istream> <ostream> <iostream>	<sstream> <fstream> <syncstream>	<cstdio> <cinttypes> <strstream>
正则表达式
<regex>
文件系统
<filesystem>
线程支持
<thread> <atomic> <mutex>	<shared_mutex> <condition_variable> <future>	<stop_token> <semaphore>	<latch> <barrier>
C 兼容
<ciso646> <cstdalign>	<cstdbool> <ccomplex>	<ctgmath>

 

此头文件是容器库的一部分。

包含
<initializer_list>(C++11)
类
vector	动态的连续数组 (类模板)
vector<bool>	节省空间的动态 bitset (类模板)
std::hash<std::vector<bool>> (C++11)	std::vector<bool> 的散列支持 (类模板特化)
函数
operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=	按照字典顺序比较 vector 中的值 (函数模板)
std::swap(std::vector)	特化 std::swap 算法 (函数模板)

概要

#include <initializer_list>
namespace std {
    template <class T, class Allocator = allocator<T> > class vector;
 
    template <class T, class Allocator>
        bool operator==(const vector<T,Allocator>& x,const vector<T,Allocator>& y);
    template <class T, class Allocator>
        bool operator< (const vector<T,Allocator>& x,const vector<T,Allocator>& y);
    template <class T, class Allocator>
        bool operator!=(const vector<T,Allocator>& x,const vector<T,Allocator>& y);
    template <class T, class Allocator>
        bool operator> (const vector<T,Allocator>& x,const vector<T,Allocator>& y);
    template <class T, class Allocator>
        bool operator>=(const vector<T,Allocator>& x,const vector<T,Allocator>& y);
    template <class T, class Allocator>
        bool operator<=(const vector<T,Allocator>& x,const vector<T,Allocator>& y);
 
    template<class T, class Allocator>
        void swap(vector<T, Allocator>& x, vector<T, Allocator>& y)
            noexcept(noexcept(x.swap(y)));
 
    template <class T, class Allocator, class U>
        void erase(vector<T, Allocator>& c, const U& value);
    template <class T, class Allocator, class Predicate>
        void erase_if(vector<T, Allocator>& c, Predicate pred);
 
    template <class Allocator> class vector<bool,Allocator>;
 
    // 散列支持
    template <class T> struct hash;
    template <class Allocator> struct hash<vector<bool, Allocator> >;
 
    namespace pmr {
        template<class T>
            using vector = std::vector<T, polymorphic_allocator<T>>;
    }
}

类 std::vector

template <class T, class Allocator = allocator<T> >
class vector {
public:
    // 类型：
    typedef value_type&                                         reference;
    typedef const value_type&                                   const_reference;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     iterator;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     const_iterator; 
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     size_type;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     difference_type;
    typedef T                                                   value_type;
    typedef Allocator                                           allocator_type;
    typedef typename allocator_traits<Allocator>::pointer       pointer;
    typedef typename allocator_traits<Allocator>::const_pointer const_pointer;
    typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator>                     reverse_iterator;
    typedef std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>               const_reverse_iterator;
 
    // 构造/复制/销毁：
    explicit vector(const Allocator& = Allocator());
    explicit vector(size_type n);
    vector(size_type n, const T& value,const Allocator& = Allocator());
    template <class InputIt>
        vector(InputIt first, InputIt last,const Allocator& = Allocator());
    vector(const vector<T,Allocator>& x);
    vector(vector&&);
    vector(const vector&, const Allocator&);
    vector(vector&&, const Allocator&);
    vector(initializer_list<T>, const Allocator& = Allocator());
 
    ~vector();
    vector<T,Allocator>& operator=(const vector<T,Allocator>& x);
    vector<T,Allocator>& operator=(vector<T,Allocator>&& x);
    vector& operator=(initializer_list<T>);
    template <class InputIt>
        void assign(InputIt first, InputIt last);
    void assign(size_type n, const T& t);
    void assign(initializer_list<T>);
    allocator_type get_allocator() const noexcept;
 
    // 迭代器：
    iterator                begin() noexcept;
    const_iterator          begin() const noexcept;
    iterator                end() noexcept;
    const_iterator          end() const noexcept;
 
    reverse_iterator        rbegin() noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  rbegin() const noexcept;
    reverse_iterator        rend() noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  rend() const noexcept;
 
    const_iterator          cbegin() const noexcept;
    const_iterator          cend() const noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  crbegin() const noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  crend() const noexcept;
 
    // 容量：
    size_type size() const noexcept;
    size_type max_size() const noexcept;
    void      resize(size_type sz);
    void      resize(size_type sz, const T& c);
    size_type capacity() const noexcept;
    [[nodiscard]] bool empty() const noexcept;
    void      reserve(size_type n);
    void      shrink_to_fit();
 
    // 元素访问：
    reference       operator[](size_type n);
    const_reference operator[](size_type n) const;
    reference       at(size_type n);
    const_reference at(size_type n) const;
    reference       front();
    const_reference front() const;
    reference       back();
    const_reference back() const;
 
    // 数据访问：
    T*       data() noexcept;
    const T* data() const noexcept;
 
    // 修改器：
    template <class... Args> void emplace_back(Args&&... args);
    void push_back(const T& x);
    void push_back(T&& x);
    void pop_back();
 
    template <class... Args> iterator emplace(const_iterator position, Args&&... args);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, const T& x);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, T&& x);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, size_type n, const T& x);
    template <class InputIt>
        iterator insert (const_iterator position, InputIt first, 
                         InputIt last);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, initializer_list<T>);
 
    iterator erase(const_iterator position);
    iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
    void     swap(vector<T,Allocator>&);
    void     clear() noexcept;
};
 
template<class InputIt,
         class Allocator = allocator</*iter-value-type*/<InputIt>>>
    vector(InputIt, InputIt, Allocator = Allocator())
        -> vector</*iter-value-type*/<InputIt>, Allocator>;

特化 std::vector<bool>

template < class Allocator >
class vector<bool, Allocator> {
public:
    // 类型：
    typedef bool                                                const_reference;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     iterator;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     const_iterator; 
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     size_type;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     difference_type;
    typedef bool                                                value_type;
    typedef Allocator                                           allocator_type;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     pointer;
    typedef /* 由实现定义 */                                     const_pointer;
    typedef std::reverse_iterator<iterator>                     reverse_iterator;
    typedef std::reverse_iterator<const_iterator>               const_reverse_iterator;
 
    // 位引用：
    class reference {
        friend class vector;
        reference() noexcept;
    public:
        ~reference();
        operator bool() const noexcept;
        reference& operator=(const bool x) noexcept;
        reference& operator=(const reference& x) noexcept;
        void flip() noexcept; // 翻转位
    };
 
    // 构造/复制/销毁：
    explicit vector(const Allocator& = Allocator());
    explicit vector(size_type n);
    vector(size_type n, const bool& value,const Allocator& = Allocator());
    template <class InputIt>
        vector(InputIt first, InputIt last,const Allocator& = Allocator());
    vector(const vector<bool,Allocator>& x);
    vector(vector&&);
    vector(const vector&, const Allocator&);
    vector(vector&&, const Allocator&);
    vector(initializer_list<bool>, const Allocator& = Allocator());
 
    ~vector();
    vector<bool,Allocator>& operator=(const vector<bool,Allocator>& x);
    vector<bool,Allocator>& operator=(vector<bool,Allocator>&& x);
    vector& operator=(initializer_list<bool>);
    template <class InputIt>
        void assign(InputIt first, InputIt last);
    void assign(size_type n, const bool& t);
    void assign(initializer_list<bool>);
    allocator_type get_allocator() const noexcept;
 
    // 迭代器：
    iterator                begin() noexcept;
    const_iterator          begin() const noexcept;
    iterator                end() noexcept;
    const_iterator          end() const noexcept;
 
    reverse_iterator        rbegin() noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  rbegin() const noexcept;
    reverse_iterator        rend() noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  rend() const noexcept;
 
    const_iterator          cbegin() const noexcept;
    const_iterator          cend() const noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  crbegin() const noexcept;
    const_reverse_iterator  crend() const noexcept;
 
    // 容量：
    size_type size() const noexcept;
    size_type max_size() const noexcept;
    void      resize(size_type sz);
    void      resize(size_type sz, const bool& c);
    size_type capacity() const noexcept;
    [[nodiscard]] bool empty() const noexcept;
    void      reserve(size_type n);
    void      shrink_to_fit();
 
    // 元素访问：
    reference       operator[](size_type n);
    const_reference operator[](size_type n) const;
    reference       at(size_type n);
    const_reference at(size_type n) const;
    reference       front();
    const_reference front() const;
    reference       back();
    const_reference back() const;
 
    // 修改器：
    template <class... Args> void emplace_back(Args&&... args);
    void push_back(const bool& x);
    void push_back(bool&& x);
    void pop_back();
 
    template <class... Args> iterator emplace(const_iterator position, Args&&... args);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, const bool& x);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, bool&& x);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, size_type n, const bool& x);
    template <class InputIt>
        iterator insert (const_iterator position, InputIt first, 
                         InputIt last);
    iterator insert(const_iterator position, initializer_list<bool>);
 
    iterator erase(const_iterator position);
    iterator erase(const_iterator first, const_iterator last);
    void     swap(vector<bool,Allocator>&);
    static void swap(reference x, reference y) noexcept;
    void     flip() noexcept;// 翻转所有位
    void     clear() noexcept;
};